Class 7 Social Science NCERT
Chapter 2 How the State Government Works summary
How the State Government Works – Summary
The state government is responsible for managing and running a state. It takes care of things like law and order, health, education, transport, and public services. This chapter explains how the state government functions, how leaders are elected, and how decisions are made.
Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs)
Each state is divided into different areas called constituencies. The people living in a constituency elect a leader to represent them. This leader is called an MLA (Member of the Legislative Assembly). MLAs work in the Legislative Assembly, where they discuss important issues and make decisions.
Elections and Formation of the Government
During elections, people vote for candidates in their constituency. The party that wins the most seats forms the government. The leader of this party becomes the Chief Minister (CM). The CM chooses some MLAs to become ministers, who take care of specific departments like health, education, and transport.
The party that does not win becomes the opposition. The opposition plays an important role by questioning and challenging the government's decisions. This ensures that the ruling party does not misuse its power.
Role of the Governor
The Governor is the head of the state, appointed by the Central Government. The Governor does not take part in daily government activities but gives approval to new laws and ensures the government follows the Constitution.
How Decisions Are Made?
The government takes decisions to solve public problems. These decisions are discussed and debated in the Legislative Assembly. Opposition MLAs can question the government if they feel a decision is unfair or ineffective.
For example, if there is a water shortage in a city, MLAs may raise the issue in the Assembly. The ministers then plan solutions, such as building more water pipelines or improving supply.
Government Departments and Their Role
The government has many departments, like education, health, and transport. Each department has officers and workers who implement government policies. For example, if the health minister promises better hospitals, the health department ensures new hospitals are built and doctors are hired.
The Case of Patalpuram
The chapter also tells a story about a town called Patalpuram, which faced a drinking water crisis. People got sick because of dirty water. An MLA raised this issue in the Assembly, and the health minister promised to take action. Government officials visited the town, and newspapers wrote about the problem. This shows how different parts of the government work together to solve problems.
How People Keep the Government Accountable
People can question the government if they feel it is not working properly. They can:
1. Vote for a better leader in the next election.
2. Protest and raise their voices through strikes or rallies.
3. Use the media, like newspapers and TV, to highlight problems.
The state government plays an important role in running the state smoothly. MLAs represent the people, ministers make decisions, and government departments implement them. Elections ensure that leaders are chosen fairly, and discussions in the Legislative Assembly keep the government accountable. People also have the power to question and challenge the government when needed.
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