Class 7 Social Science NCERT
Chapter 4 Growing up as Boys and Girls summary
Summary of "Growing Up as Boys and Girls"
This chapter talks about how boys and girls grow up differently in society. It explains that from childhood, boys and girls are treated in different ways, which affects their future roles as men and women. Society teaches them what they can and cannot do, and this creates inequality between men and women.
Growing Up in Different Societies
The chapter gives examples of how children grow up in different parts of the world.
1. Samoa (1920s)
- In Samoa, children did not go to school but learned from older children and adults.
- As soon as babies could walk, older children took care of them.
- Boys and girls both looked after younger children.
- By the age of nine, boys started learning fishing and farming, while girls continued doing household work.
- When girls became teenagers, they got more freedom. They helped with fishing, worked in plantations, and learned weaving.
- Cooking was mostly done by boys in special cooking houses.
2. Madhya Pradesh (1960s)
- Boys and girls went to separate schools.
- The girls' school had a courtyard where they could play safely, but boys had an open playground.
- After school, girls went home quickly in groups because they were afraid of being teased or attacked.
- Boys, on the other hand, played on the streets, stood around, and had more freedom.
This shows that the way children grow up is not the same everywhere. Different societies treat boys and girls differently.
How Society Treats Boys and Girls Differently
- From a young age, children are given different toys. Boys get cars and guns, while girls get dolls and kitchen sets.
- Girls are taught to be soft-spoken and caring, while boys are taught to be strong and tough.
- These small things prepare children for different roles in life. Boys are expected to work outside, while girls are expected to take care of the home.
- This affects their future careers and education choices.
Housework and Gender Inequality
The chapter also talks about housework and how it is not seen as real work.
- Many people think women who stay at home do not work, but they do a lot of housework.
- Cooking, cleaning, and taking care of children require a lot of time and effort, but this work is not paid or valued.
- Women also face a double burden—they work both at home and outside but still get less recognition.
- Domestic workers, who mostly do household chores for others, also face hard conditions. They work long hours for low wages and are not treated with respect.
How the Government Helps
The government is working to reduce gender inequality.
- It has set up anganwadis (childcare centers) in villages so women can go to work.
- Workplaces with many women must have crèches (daycare centers) for their children.
- These steps help more girls go to school and allow women to work outside the home.
This chapter teaches us that boys and girls are treated differently from childhood, and this creates gender inequality. Housework is important but not valued. The government is trying to change this by supporting women’s work and education. Society needs to treat men and women equally so that both can have the same opportunities in life.
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Chapter 4 Growing up as Boys and Girls Question Answers
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